TOEIC 備考 109 句型 (完整增強版)

1. 直接問句 vs 間接問句 (疑問詞開頭)

直接問句： 疑問詞 + 助V + S...? (動詞移到主詞前)
間接問句： S + V + 疑問詞 + S + (助V) + V... (間接問句不是問句，語序還原)

他什麼時候要走？ When will he go?

我不知道他什麼時候要走。 I don’t know when he will go.

2. 直接問句 vs 間接問句 (Yes/No 問句)

直接問句： 助V + S + ...？
間接問句： S + V + whether / if + S + (助V) + V...

你能不能來呢？ Can you come (or not)?

你能不能來沒關係。 It makes no difference whether you can come (or not).

3. 雙重問句 (Do vs 疑問詞)

Pattern 1 (詢問 Yes/No)： Do + S + V + [ 疑問字 + S + V ] ?

A: 你有沒有告訴過我她到底是誰？ Did you tell me who she was? B: 有啊，我告訴過你了。 Yes, I did.

Pattern 2 (詢問內容)： 疑問字 + do + S + V + [ 疑問字 + S + V] ?

A: 你告訴過我她到底是誰來著？ Who did you tell me she was? B: 她是我妹妹。 She is my sister.

4. 建議去做某事 (What about / How about)

How about + O ?
What about + O ?
What do you say to + O ? (O 要用名詞或 Ving)
What do you think of + O ?
Let’s + V , shall we?

去散散步好不好？ How about (taking) a walk? = What do you say to (taking) a walk?

5. 命令句 + and (一...就...；如果...就...)

[ 命令句 ] and [ S + V].
= If [ S + V ] , [ S + V].

一動你就沒命。 Stir and you will be a dead man. = If you stir , you will be a dead man.

6. 命令句 + or (...否則...；如果不...就...)

[ 命令句 ] or [ S + V].
= If [ S ... not + V ] , [ S + V].
= Unless [ S + V ] , [ S + V].

穿上外衣，否則你會著涼的。 Put on a coat, or you’ll take cold. = Unless you put on a coat, you’ll get a cold.

7. 感歎句 (How / What)

How + [形 / 副] + ( a + n.) ( S + V ).
What + (a) + (形) + n.

多麼美的夜色啊！ How beautiful a night (it is)! = What a beautiful night (this is)!

8. 與現在事實相反的假設

If S + [were / 過去式V] ... , S + [would, could, might, should] + V

要是我現在有翅膀，我要飛到美國。 If I had wings, I would fly to you.

9. 與過去事實相反的假設

If S + had + pp ... , S + [would, could, might, should] + have + pp.

要是那時這鞋子我合穿的話，我就買了。 If these shoes had fitted me, I would have bought them.

10. 與未來事實相反的假設

If S + were to + V ... , S + [would, could, might, should] + V.

即使明天太陽從西邊升上來，我也不會做這樣的事。 Even if the sun were to rise in the west tomorrow, I would not do such a thing.

11. 未來表「萬一」

If S + should + V ... , S + [would, should / will, shall] + V.

萬一這次失敗了，我會再試一次。 If I should fail this time, I will try again.

12. 不確定的未來 (條件句)

If S + V現在式 ... , S + [shall, will / can , may] + V

如果明天天氣好，我們就去野餐。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.

13. 不能實現的願望 (Wish)

I wish + S + 過去式V (現在不可能)
I wish + S + had + pp (過去不可能)

我要是一隻鳥該多好。 I wish I were a bird.

我真希望你那時告訴我真相就好了。 If only you had told me the truth.

14. 「祝福」的用法

May + S + V

祝你成功。 May you succeed. / I wish you success.

15. 假設法 if 的省略 (倒裝)

If S + [were / had / should] ... 🡪 [Were / Had / Should] + S ...

萬一下雨，我們就不去了。 Should it rain, we would not go.

16. 要不是... (But for / Without)

But for + O
Were it not for + O

要不是有太陽，我們根本就無法生存。 But for the sun, we couldn’t live at all. = Were it not for the sun, we couldn’t live at all.

17. 該是...的時候了 (It is time)

It is (high) time + [ S + 過去式V ] (注意用過去式)

該是我們上床睡覺的時候了。 It is high time we went to bed.

18. 好像是 (As if)

S + V + as if + S + V假設法

你看起來好像死了。 You look as if you were dead.

19. 堅持、命令、建議 + that + S + (should) + 原形 V

(重要：名詞、形容詞、動詞皆適用，關鍵在於「原形動詞」)

關鍵字	詞性	範例句
insist	v. 堅持	He insisted that she stay at home.
order	v. 命令	The general ordered that the troops retreat.
demand	v. 要求	The workers demanded that the manager resign.
suggest	v. 建議	I suggest that he finish the report by Friday.
recommend	v. 推薦	The doctor recommended that she take a rest.
necessary	adj. 必要的	It is necessary that he be present.
essential	adj. 必要的	It is essential that the software be updated.

20. cannot ... too (越...越好)

We cannot be too careful. (我們越小心越好。)

21. 部分否定 (All / Both / Every ... not)

All men are not honest. (並非所有人都誠實 = 有些人不誠實。)

22. 雙重否定 (沒有...不...)

There is no one but loves his child. (沒有人不愛自己的孩子。)

23. 不定詞/分詞的否定 (Not + to V / Ving)

He tried not to think of her. (他試著不去想她。)

24. No + Ving/N (禁止)

No parking. (禁止停車。)

25. There is no Ving (不可能)

There is no telling what may happen. (無法預知會發生什麼。)

26. Not only A but also B (重點在 B)

Not only you but also your friend is to blame. (動詞跟著 B 走)

27. Not A but B (不是 A 而是 B)

What I want is not money but time.

28. Be above Ving (不屑於/恥於)

She is above asking questions. (她不屑發問。)

29. The last person to V (最不可能...的人)

He is the last person to lie. (他絕不會說謊。)

30. Fail to / Never fail to

He failed to arrive. (他未能到達。)
I never fail to keep my word. (我一定守信。)

31. 一點也不 (Not at all / Far from)

The boy is far from diligent. (這男孩一點也不用功。)

32. 「很多」的修飾語比較

修飾語	搭配名詞	範例
Much	不可數	He has much time.
Many	可數	He has many books.
Not a little / No little	不可數 (= much)	He has not a little money.
Not a few / No few	可數 (= many)	I have not a few friends.
A great deal of	不可數	It takes a great deal of effort.
A number of	可數	A number of students are absent.

33. It goes without saying (不用說)

It goes without saying that health is wealth.

34. 否定字放句首的倒裝

(Never, Seldom, Little, Hardly, Scarcely)

否定字	範例句 (助動詞提前)
Never	Never shall I forget your kindness. (我永不忘你的恩情。)
Seldom	Seldom does he go to the movies. (他很少看電影。)
Hardly	Hardly had I arrived when it rained. (我一到就下雨了。)
By no means	By no means will I give up. (我絕不放棄。)

35. Only 放句首的倒裝

Only by working hard can we succeed. (只有努力才能成功。)

36. 地方副詞放句首的倒裝

At the gate waited the beggar. (乞丐在門口等。)

37. 主詞補語放句首的倒裝

Empty is my life. (我的生活很空虛。)

38. So / Neither 的附和句

You are young, and so am I. (我也是)
You are not young, and neither am I. (我也不是)

39. As / Than 的倒裝

He has as many books as his wife (has).

40. Such / So 的倒裝 (如此...以至於)

So great was my progress that it pleased my parents.

41. 虛主詞 It

It is bad for health to stay up late.

42. 虛受詞 It

I think it bad for health to stay up late.

43. 據說 (It is said that...)

He is said to be rich.

44. 關係代名詞連接句子

I have an uncle who is a teacher.

45. 凡是...的人 (Those who...)

句型	動詞單複數	範例
Those who	複數	Those who are lazy will fail. (懶惰者會失敗。)
He who	單數	He who hesitates is lost. (躊躇者失良機。)
Whoever	單數	Whoever breaks the law must be punished. (犯法者必受罰。)

46. As / Which 代替整句 (非限定用法)

He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.

47. 準關代 (but, as, than)

There is no one but hopes to succeed. (沒有人不希望成功。)

48. As...as (像...一樣)

It is not as hot today as it was yesterday.

49. 最高級的變化 (比較級 + than any other)

Life is more precious than any other thing.

50. The 比較級 ..., the 比較級 ... (越...越...)

The harder you work, the luckier you get.

51. As..., so... (正如...，...也一樣)

As you sow, so shall you reap. (種瓜得瓜。)

52. A is to B what C is to D (A之於B 猶如 C之於D)

Reading is to the mind what food is to the body.

53. No more ... than (兩者皆非) / No less ... than (兩者皆是)

She is no more diligent than you. (她跟你一樣不用功。)

54. 寧願...也不願 (Would rather)

I would rather stand than sit.

55. Not so much A as B (與其說是A 不如說是B)

It is not so much a genius as a diligence.

56. 倍數用法

This river is twice as long as that.
This river is twice the length of that.

57. Know better than to V (不至於那麼笨)

I know better than to do such a thing.

58. Although / Though (雖然)

Although he is poor, he is happy. (不可與 but 連用)

59. In spite of / Despite (儘管 + N/Ving)

In spite of the rain, we went out.

60. 倒裝表「雖然」 (Adj + as + S + V)

Rich as he is, he is not happy. (雖然他很有錢...)

61. No matter wh- / Wh-ever (無論...)

Whatever you do, do it well.

62. Whether A or B (無論 A 或 B)

Whether it rains or shines, I will go.

63. Be it ... (雖然/無論)

Be it ever so humble, there is no place like home.

64. Not ... until (直到...才)

Not until he came did I leave. (直到他來我才走。)

65. As soon as (一...就...)

As soon as he heard the news, he cried.
On hearing the news, he cried.

66. No sooner ... than (一...就... 過去完成式)

No sooner had he arrived than it rained.

67. It is ... since (自從...已有)

It is three years since we met.

68. So that / In order to (為了...目的)

We study hard so that we may succeed.

69. Lest / For fear that (以免...；唯恐)

He ran fast lest he (should) miss the bus.

70. So ... that (如此...以至於)

He is so honest that everyone trusts him.

71. What with A and B (半因 A 半因 B)

What with hunger and fatigue, he fell down.

72. 當「介系詞」的 To (後接 Ving/N)

(重要考點：這裡的 to 不接原形)

片語	意義	範例
Object to	反對	I object to being treated like this. (我反對被這樣對待)
Be used to	習慣於	He is used to eating spicy food. (他習慣吃辣)
Look forward to	期待	I look forward to seeing you. (期待見到你)
Be devoted to	致力於	She is devoted to teaching. (她致力於教學)
Take to	喜歡/迷上	He took to drinking. (他迷上了喝酒)
With a view to	為了...	He saved money with a view to buying a car.
Owing to	因為	The delay was owing to heavy traffic.

73. Used to 用法比較

used to + V (過去經常)
be used to + Ving (現在習慣)
be used to + V (被用來做...)

74. 後面接 Ving 當受詞的動詞

動詞	意義	範例
Enjoy	喜愛	I enjoy reading.
Practice	練習	Practice speaking English daily.
Finish	完成	He finished writing the report.
Mind	介意	Would you mind opening the door?
Give up / Quit	放棄/戒	He gave up smoking.
Avoid	避免	Avoid making mistakes.
Suggest	建議	He suggested going for a walk.
Consider	考慮	We are considering buying a house.
Deny	否認	He denied stealing the money.
Admit	承認	He admitted breaking the window.
Risk	冒險	Don't risk losing your job.
Postpone / Delay	延期	They delayed sending the goods.
Appreciate	感激	I appreciate your helping me.

75. Need/Want/Deserve + Ving (主動表被動)

The car needs repairing. (= needs to be repaired)

76. Be worth Ving (值得)

This book is worth reading.

77. Have trouble/difficulty (in) Ving

I had difficulty finding the place.

78. Go Ving (去從事活動)

Let's go shopping.

79. 後面接 to V 當受詞的動詞

動詞	意義	範例
Want / Hope / Wish	希望	I hope to see you again.
Decide	決定	He decided to quit his job.
Promise	承諾	She promised to come.
Refuse	拒絕	He refused to answer.
Pretend	假裝	He pretended to be sick.
Manage	設法	He managed to pass the exam.
Afford	負擔得起	I can't afford to buy it.
Offer	主動提議	He offered to help us.

80. 接 to V 或 Ving 意義差不多 (Begin, Start, Like, Love, Hate)

I started to rain. = It started raining.

81. 接 to V 或 Ving 意義不同 (必考)

動詞	+ to V (未做/目的)	+ Ving (已做/經驗/狀態)
Stop	stopped to smoke (停下來去抽煙)	stopped smoking (戒煙了)
Remember	remember to mail (記得要去寄)	remember mailing (記得寄過了)
Forget	forget to lock (忘記去鎖門)	forget seeing him (忘記見過他)
Try	try to move (努力試著搬-費力)	try moving (試著搬搬看-嘗試方法)
Regret	regret to tell (抱歉要告訴你-壞消息)	regret telling (後悔告訴過你)
Mean	mean to hurt (有意傷害)	mean waiting (意味著要等待)

82. It is no use Ving (沒有用)

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

83. Burst out Ving (突然...起來)

She burst out crying. (突然大哭)

84. To V / Ving 當主詞 (視為單數)

Reading books is good for you.

85. Too ... to (太...而不能) / Enough to (夠...可以)

He is too young to go to school.
He is old enough to drive.

86. 不定詞的時態 (To have pp)

He seems to have been rich. (他看來以前很有錢 - 動作發生在先)

87. To say nothing of (更不用說)

He speaks English, not to mention French.

88. Do nothing but V (除了...什麼都不做)

He did nothing but cry. (他只是哭。)

89. Can't help Ving (忍不住/不得不)

I can't help falling in love with you.

90. Be about to (正要)

I was about to leave when the phone rang.

91. All you have to do is (to) V (你只要...)

All you have to do is press the button.

92. 分詞形容詞 (Ving 主動/令人... ; pp 被動/感到...)

Exciting news (令人興奮的新聞) vs. Excited people (感到興奮的人)

93. 分詞片語修飾名詞 (省略關代)

The girl (who is) sitting there is my sister.

94. 動作動詞 + 分詞 (跑著來/站著看)

He came running. (他跑著來。)

95. 感官動詞 / 使役動詞

句型	意義	範例
See + O + V	看見全程	I saw him cross the street.
See + O + Ving	看見正在進行	I saw him crossing the street.
See + O + pp	看見被...	I saw him taken away.
Make + O + V	強迫/叫...做	He made me clean the room.
Have + O + V	叫...做	I had him fix the car.
Get + O + to V	叫...做 (例外)	I got him to fix the car.

96. Find / Keep / Leave + O + Ving/pp

I found the door locked. (發現門被鎖了)
Sorry to keep you waiting. (抱歉讓你等)

97. 分詞構句 (省略連接詞與主詞)

Seeing the police, he ran away. (因為看到警察...)

98. 分詞構句 (表接續)

He stood there, not knowing what to do. (不知道該怎麼辦)

99. 附帶狀況 (With + O + Ving/pp/adj)

He sat there with his eyes closed. (閉著眼睛)

100. 助動詞 + have pp (對過去的推測/遺憾)

句型	意義	範例
Must have pp	過去一定...	He must have been ill. (他當時一定是病了)
Should have pp	過去本該... (但沒做)	You should have told me. (你本該告訴我的)
Could have pp	過去本來可以... (但沒做)	I could have passed the exam. (我本來可以通過的)
Needn't have pp	過去本不必... (但做了)	You needn't have bought it. (你本不必買的)
May/Might have pp	過去可能...	He may have missed the bus. (他可能錯過公車了)

101. 「穿衣服」的狀態 vs 動作

用法	狀態/動作	範例
Put on	動作	Put on your coat. (穿上外套)
Wear	狀態	He is wearing a tie. (他戴著領帶)
Dress in	狀態	She is dressed in red. (她穿著紅衣)

102. 花時間 (Spend / Take)

I spent 3 days writing the book. (人 spend 時間 Ving)
It took me 3 days to write the book. (It take 時間 to V)

103. 花金錢 (Spend / Cost)

I spent $100 on the book. (人 spend 錢 on 物)
The book cost me $100. (物 cost 人錢)

104. Very + adj = All + N

He is very kind. = He is kindness itself.

105. It 當天氣/時間/距離的主詞

It is rainy. / It is 5 miles to the station.

106. It is adj for/of 人 (人格特質用 of)

形容詞類型	介系詞	範例
事物性質 (Easy, Hard, Necessary)	for	It is difficult for me to explain.
人格特質 (Kind, Rude, Wise, Foolish)	of	It is kind of you to help.

107. It is ... that (強調句)

It was yesterday that I met him. (強調時間)

108. The former ... the latter (前者...後者)

Work and play are both necessary; the former gives us energy, the latter gives us rest.

109. One ... the other (一個...另一個)

(兩者) One is red, and the other is white.
(三者) One..., another..., and the other...